Arts and Crafts Movement

During the late 1800's a design movement by the name of "Arts and Crafts" emerged in the US, England, and Canada. This movement was predominant in the United Sates between 1910 and 1925, in between Art Noveau and Art Deco. Designers in the Arts and Crafts movement grappled with the effects of the industrial revolution and mechanized production. They emphasized the production of craftsmen working by hand, producing objects of a greater variety and quality than a factory was likely to turn out.
Even with this emphasis, the most of the proponents of the Arts and Crafts movement did not go to extremes: they appreciated the freeing of workers from momotenous tasks by automated production. and sought to make the machine do the bidding of the craftsman instead of the worker being driven by the workings of the machine. They did not however, like to see the tasks of production broken up into components with one person doing only one segment of the work. They saw pride in production to be paramount in the process of creation.
The emphasis on personal production led the Arts and Crafts movement to prize objects that were somewhat rustic or unfinished. There was a deliberate attempt at expressing surface textures of ordinary materials, such as stone and tiles, with an asymmetrical and quaint building composition. The quality of a cottage was often evoked.
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